Slope Grade Calculator

Calculate slope grades, angles, and ratios with our easy-to-use calculator. This tool is essential for construction, landscaping, engineering projects, and more.

Angle to Grade Calculator
Convert an angle in degrees to grade percentage and ratio
5°
Angle
5°
Grade Percentage
0%
Grade Ratio
Slope Steepness0%
Classification: Nearly level
Slope Classification
Nearly level
Understanding the steepness of the slope

Nearly level (0%)

0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%+
Recommended Applications
Potential uses for this slope grade

Ideal for most construction projects, sports fields

ADA Compliant

This slope meets ADA requirements for wheelchair ramps (max 8.33%)

Vehicle Access

This slope is suitable for most vehicles

About Slope and Grade Calculations

Slope vs. Grade

Slope is typically expressed as a ratio of rise to run (y/x) in mathematics, while grade is usually expressed as a percentage in engineering and construction. Both describe the steepness of a line or surface.

Conversion Formulas

  • Grade Percentage = (Rise ÷ Run) × 100
  • Angle (degrees) = arctan(Rise ÷ Run)
  • Grade Ratio = 1:(Run ÷ Rise)
  • Slope (y/x) = Rise ÷ Run

Common Applications

  • Civil engineering and road design
  • Architecture and building construction
  • Accessibility ramp design
  • Drainage system planning
  • Roof pitch calculations
  • Hiking trail difficulty assessment

Standard Grades for Common Applications

  • ADA-compliant ramps: 8.33% maximum (1:12 ratio)
  • Residential driveways: 10-15% maximum
  • Highway design: 5-8% maximum (varies by location)
  • Railway design: 1-2% maximum
  • Roof pitch: 16.7-100% (4:12 to 12:12 ratio)
  • Drainage pipes: 1-2% minimum for proper flow

How to Use the Slope Grade Calculator

Our slope grade calculator is designed to help you convert between different measurements of slope: angles, percentages, and ratios. Here's how to use each calculator mode:

Angle to Grade

1. Enter an angle in degrees or use the slider to select a value
2. The calculator will automatically convert this to a grade percentage and ratio
3. The visual indicator shows the steepness of the slope

Grade to Angle

1. Enter a grade percentage or use the slider to select a value
2. The calculator will automatically convert this to an angle in degrees and a ratio
3. The visual indicator shows the steepness of the slope

Slope Calculator

1. Choose between "Rise over Run" (y/x) or "Run over Rise" (x/y) format
2. Enter values for the run (x) and rise (y)
3. The calculator will convert this to grade percentage, angle, and ratio

Frequently Asked Questions

Common Slope Grades
ADA Ramp Standards

Maximum 8.33% grade (1:12 ratio)

Residential Driveways

Typically 10-15% grade

Highway Design

Maximum 6-8% grade (varies by location)

Steep Mountain Roads

Up to 10-15% grade

Roof Pitch

Typically 16.7-100% (4:12 to 12:12 ratio)

Slope Grade Applications
  • Road and highway design
  • Wheelchair ramp construction
  • Drainage system planning
  • Roof pitch calculation
  • Landscape architecture
  • Hiking trail difficulty assessment
  • Ski slope classification
  • Railway design
  • Erosion control planning